Monday, May 25, 2020

Divorce Has Been Allowed For Hundreds Of Years, And...

Divorce has been allowed for hundreds of years, and throughout the millennia many families have been torn apart, leaving the bewildered children lost in life. Divorce was an option only if the spouse was guilty of adultery, but in the 1960’s a law was passed and became popularly adopted in the 1970s. This law allowed the parents to divorce without either being at fault, and this caused the child/children of the splitting pair to experience a series of major changes in their life. Divorce to this day has the same effects on the child/children of the divorcing parents as it did in the older times. Millennials are the grown children of a gray divorce, which is when a couple over the age of forty divorces. Divorce has detrimental effects both†¦show more content†¦Sember says as a divorce attorney, law guardian, and mediator, she has seen many painful divorces which in the long run turned out better for the child/children involved because their parents were happy. However , she is mistaken because she fails to take the child/children s mental and physical state into account. Divorce has both short and long-term effects on the young child/children involved including effects on education, along with mental, and physical effects. Olson agrees when he writes: Reviewing the test scores and social well-being of 142 grade-school children with divorced parents, researcher Hyon Sik was surprised to find no significant decline in the months leading up to their parents divorce. It was only during the divorce themselves that struggles emerged. And two years later the children remained behind their classmates from two-parent homes (Olson 1). Olson points out the problems started to emerge only after the divorce, and these dramatic changes have an effect on the child/children’s education. Math is the subject most affected by divorce because the child/children can not focus on what is being taught. The long-term results include the child/children falling even further behind because they were not able to grasp the fundamental concepts of math, and math builds on what has been taught. So if the child/children had not learned what the key concepts were in the beginning, theyShow MoreRelatedGay Marriage Should Be Legal in All States1632 Words   |  7 Pagesof the most controversial topics that has been debated throughout the United States for decades has been Gay Marriage. Whether same-sex couples should be given the right to marry or even if same-sex couples should be given rights at all, this has been a contentious discussion which creates division and disunity throughout the country. The Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the Constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage. Gay marriage has been legalized in 17 states. But only 19Read MoreAmerican Dream by Definintion an American Social Ideal Essay615 Words   |  3 Pagesmove up in life and live better. Back then they also stressed family values and having a close family. Now a days the American dream has changed to more materialistic stuff and bigger houses and faster cars. Does many bring happiness or does it bring destruction? When this county was founded, it was founded for opportunities to better hardworkers. It also allowed some people of different backgrounds to unite and become one country. However their was a civil war and people didnt always believeRead MoreRecent Changes in British Society and Greater Diversity of Family Types1379 Words   |  6 Pageshave influenced them, to provide a well-researched and informative essay. Willmott and Young have studied family life in London for over twenty years. They believe that the family has changed over four stages. I have researched the four stages so I can see changes in society such as industrialisation, and the way it has effected the family. Stage one is the pre-industrial family, which was a close knit unit of production who worked as a team mainly in textiles and agricultureRead MorePresident Obama Signs Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Restoration Act1368 Words   |  6 PagesWomen have been treated unfairly and unequally in history furthermore. There were many occasions when people joined together to make legislative changes. In 1848, a convention held in New York brought a call to action, making 12 resolutions that people wanted to see happen to provide women with the same amount of respect men had and the same rights. Later on in the nineteenth century Colorado is the first state to give women the right to vote, which led to other states following in Colorado’s footRead MorePresident Obama Signs Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Restoration Act1368 Words   |  6 Pages Women have been treated unfairly and unequally in history furthermore, there were many occasions when people joined together to make legislative changes. In 1848, a convention held in New York brought a call to action, making 12 resolutions that people wanted to see happen to provide women with the same amount of respect men had and the same rights. Later on in the nineteenth century Colorado is the first state to give women the right to vote, which led to other states following in Colorado’s footRead MoreThe Womens Liberation Movement1099 Words   |  5 Pagesdesires for the right to vote. The Women’s Suffrage movement paved the way to the nineteenth Amendment in the United States Constitution that allowed women that right. The Women’s Suffrage movement started a movement for equal rights for women that has continued to propel equal opportunities for women throughout the country. The Women’s Liberation Movement has sparked better opportunities, demand ed respect and pioneered the path for women entering in the workforce that was started by the right toRead MoreSociety in The Age of Innocence by Edith Wharton Essay759 Words   |  4 Pagescalled â€Å"poor† because she is shameful in the eyes of the society that surrounds her. Ellen left her husband and moved back to New York City to be with her family. Divorce is not acceptable in the 1870’s high society like it is today. Newland tries at first to protect Ellen from the bad reputation that she will perceive if she divorces her husband. In the end he just wants her to be free and desires to be with her for the woman she became. There are still different levels of society in the worldRead MoreChristian Churches and Marriage Equality1304 Words   |  6 PagesIn America, marriage is generally regarded as a constant, never changing commitment that has stood firm throughout the ages. However, this image is perhaps more distorted than most realize. In reality, marri age has evolved through the years, mostly for the better, but occasionally it takes a turn for the worse. The first records we have of marriage are from the Bible. Sometime before 500 BC, Abraham was married his half-sister, Sarah. To gain riches and political power, he forced her to sleep withRead MoreNew Australia And New Zealand1370 Words   |  6 Pagesoriginally discovered by Polynesians in the years 1200 and 1300 AD (Wilson 1). The Polynesians were people who spread civilization throughout the Pacific and were made up of Samoans, Tongans, Maori, and many more ethnic groups traveling and growing throughout the Pacific Ocean during that time period. In the year of 1642, the islands that the Polynesians discovered, were called Nieuw Zeeland after the area Zeeland in the country of Holland (Wilson 1). New Zealand has many geographical points to it alongRead MoreQueen Elizabeth The 1st And Prime Minister Of England967 Words   |  4 PagesWe will look at the contrast between Queen Elizabeth the 1st and Prime Minister of England, Margret Thatcher. Viewing the influences, achievements, and similarities throughout their periods of history, Elizabeth I was born to royalty, Margaret was born to common parents. Queen Elizabeth I was the daughter of King Henry VIII and her mother was Anne Boleyn. Elizabeth I was born on September 7, 1533, her parents were expecting a royal son, but instead they got a royal daughter, she was baptized and

Friday, May 15, 2020

Hip Hop Rap Music And Subculture - 1643 Words

Hip-hop Rap Music and Subculture The topic I have chosen for this review is the association between a particular music genre and a subculture. In particular, the issue of focus is the association of the hip-hop rap genre with the black youth subculture in America. As a youth subculture, hip-hop emerged in the 1970s from New York City’s borough of the Bronx. The African American community was the root of the music genre, which gained popularity in the 1980s and 1990s. As part of its growth, the genre developed its own distinct language, music style, and lifestyle values, which have influenced widespread recognition of its uniqueness [4]. As a term, hip-hop refers to both a style of music and a subcultural movement. Music scholars†¦show more content†¦Alongside these developments, the followers of hip-hop developed a unique form of dancing and particular forms of dressing, which they refined over time. The â€Å"art† of writing graffiti also raised as an overlapping form of expression among hip-hop followers [4]. This assessment demonstrates the appropriateness of the definition of hip-hop as a subculture. A subculture is a cultural group within a broader culture that has variant or different beliefs and values compared with those of the larger culture. The members of such a group differentiate themselves from the parent culture based on adverse perceptions about some aspects of the parent culture [2]. The hip-hop subcultural group includes all followers of hip-hop rap music, but the principal and most recognized members of this subculture are typically inner city youth who support the culture due to its appeal and representation of their feelings, perceptions, and experiences in the society. For most youths in these neighborhoods who identify with the subculture, hip-hop amounts to a proclamation of their independence and intolerance or rebellion towards most aspects of the â€Å"adult† society (normal and mainstream society), which they consider as hypocritical and oppressive [2]. As a form of art and musical style, hip-hop has a lasting and widespread influence. It has grown into a multi-billion dollar industry since the 1980s,Show MoreRelatedRun DMC and the Commodification of Subcultures998 Words   |  4 PagesWhat can the Rap Group Run-D.M.C tell us about the commodification of subcultures and how the style of a subculture can be sold to the mainstream, how does this redefine Hip-hop? Introductory Section: From the socio-economic struggles of 1970s New York, a new kind of subculture emerged with a new style of music known as Hip-hop. The group Run-D.M.C pioneered, to some extent the transformation of Hip-hop from an underground phenomenon to a genre recognised as mainstream and an asoect of pop-cultureRead MoreHow Hip Hop Is Influenced By African Americans And Hispanic Americans909 Words   |  4 Pages Carine Green English-Kogut Who does Hip-Hop belong to ? Hip-hop is often referred to as a musical art form, it was created by African-Americans and Latino-Americans in the 1970s. Its concept came from a younger generation of African-Americans in the Bronx, it is different from rap because it also includes elements of pop ,some say it was a beautiful, prideful expression of music, art, and dance from a backdrop of poverty. Since that ignition in aRead MoreThe Relationship Between Politics And Hip Hop Music Essay1570 Words   |  7 PagesRap and Rebellion: The Relationship Between Politics and Hip-Hop Music The rap subculture is widely agreed to have been established in the Bronx, New York during the 1970’s. At a time when block parties became popular, especially among African-American youths, hip-hop music was a means of expressing opinions and values and as a new source of communication. At these gatherings, DJs would play percussive breaks from popular songs, often on two turntables to enable them to extend these breaks. ThisRead MoreReligion in Rap Music1550 Words   |  7 PagesHip hop music, also called hip-hop,rap music or hip-hop music, is a music genre consisting of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted. It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping DJing/scratching, break dancing and graffiti writing. Other elements include sampling (or synthesis), and beatboxing While often used to refer to rapping, â€Å"hip hop† more properly denotes theRead MoreThe Youth Oriented Hip Hop Movement1498 Words   |  6 Pagesgroup. Many youth participate in subculture resistance, apparent through demonstrating language, expression, and fashion that are often opposing parental and authority figures, and the dominant culture. People who have similar characteristics or similar experiences are, according to Jacobson (2009, p. 11), more likely to â€Å"†¦unite in opposition to the dominant culture†. A music genre that distinctly demonstrates such is the hip-hop movement. The youth-oriented hip-hop movement finds its significanceRead MoreBad Influence of Hip Hop on Youth1009 Words   |  5 PagesMusic producers have an influence on the music that today’s youth listen to that many are affected by even though the producers are unaware of it. Today there’s a lot of drug abuse, violence, and sex all on the rise even though hip hop its elf is not to blame. Imagine our youth all over the country being exposed to this explicit kind of language. There is no need to imagine, because it is already happening. Ever since the rise of Rap and Hip Hop music, teens have been turning to them to help solveRead MoreHip Hop: The Method of Expression1099 Words   |  5 Pagesgang-ridden, drug-infested streets, a depravation of creativity forced underprivileged African American youths onto the streets in search of an output for their imagination. It was within these streets that hip-hop appeared as the product of independence, self-realization, creativity, and pride. Hip-hop began between the transformations from the late 1960’s to the early 1970’s. It was during this time period, when the former gangs of the late sixties developed into the posses and crews of the earlyRead More mass commication and how it affects todays youth Essay2972 Words   |  12 Pagesto Lil Kim’s outrageous outfits to the late Tupac Shakur’s â€Å"thug life† image, the rap subculture has been under a lot of speculation. Many rappers lyrics contain violent messages that parents fear are encouraging youth to become violent. The media has a field day covering protests against rappers, such as Eminem about their explicit lyrics towards gays, women and their promotion of violence. The main concern is how rap is influencing today, particularly towards the youth community, and the answer canRead MoreDrugs and Music Essay690 Words   |  3 PagesThroughout the evolution of popular music in American culture, many factors have been instrumenta l in the inspiration musical artists. The wide range of sources reflects the variety and creativity of music in the modern day that musicians claim as their muses, ranging from religious beliefs to love interests. However, the primary driving force behind the creative minds in music in the United States has undeniably been the drug subculture that was the largest at the given time period. Without theRead More Hip Hop vs. Ethics Essay1665 Words   |  7 PagesEthics of The Music Industry Works Cited Not Included Hip-hop culture has been socially labeled as deviant, a counter-culture, un-American because of its lack of moral. Specifically, gangsta rap which glorifies guns, sex, violence, drug use and gang activity has been castigated. This type of rap promotes a nonconformist and rebel adaptive behavior. As a result, it gives hip-hop culture a deviant label. A simple definition of deviance is behavior that does not conform to group-shared norms;

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The War Of The Worlds Essay - 894 Words

The War Of The Worlds The War Of The Worlds is about Martians coming down to earth and they start invading London. The Martians try to wipe out mankind in London. But dont become very successful because they get wiped out by the tiniest things on earth bacteria. The novel was published in 1898. At this time the British Empire was strong and dangerous. The British Empire conquered many places, such as India and parts of Africa. They were colonizing the countries. People say that at that time the British Empire were Stretched to their limits Religion was being questioned by a man called Charles Darwin, who was a famous scientist. He came up with the idea that humans evolved from apes†¦show more content†¦Charles Darwin said that mankind would continue to evolve. He described the theory of evolution that some of us except today. Darwin suggested that all species adapted over time according to necessity and that we are all descended from bacteria. Species will continue to evolve as needs demanded. This theory captured wells imagination clearly. Wells came up with the idea that man would one day come to the point of its evolution and that mankind would suddenly have a big head and big hands. He said this because all we do is work with our hands and use our brain a lot. Wells also wrote a book before The War Of The Worlds, called The Man Of The Year Million. In this book he describes man changing and evolving. In the book he says that man would come to its last evolution stage and also says this Watch them hop on their hands about the pure white marble floor. Great hands they have, enormous brains, soft, liquid, soulful eyes. This quote shows mankind has come to its last point of evolution. He also describes humans just suddenly changing and having these kind of features. In The War Of The Worlds its quite similar, he says mankind could evolve from better to worse and we could end up like the Martians. We could end up like this because the Martians have big heads and big hands and show no mercy to London, when the Martians try wiping outShow MoreRelatedThe War Of The World War2160 Words   |  9 Pagesimportant and destructive, such that the world started to create new and unimaginable weapons, like war tanks. The idea of protecting the soldiers as well as the necessity to have vehicles that can do more damage to the enemies in warfare and the development of industrial technologies made war tanks possible. They became very important in warfare, especially during the Second World War and they are still important in modern warfare. They became the world warfare solution to keep move forward whileRead MoreThe War Of The World War2377 Words   |  10 PagesWar has been one of the strongest words in the English dictionary that represented the bravery of the American people. Our nation had been branded by other countries to be the nation that is brave enough to spread our political influences to the peripheral countries, even if military forces is required. The word war brings pride to the American people due to all the international conflicts that our nation had conquered over history. As it is said in our national anthem, â€Å"And the rockets’ red glareRead MoreThe War On The World17 39 Words   |  7 Pagesorganized. The modern world is divided up into a number of states whose sovereignty is based either on the results of warfare or the threat of warfare. The ability of a states to wage and win wars is what determines the geopolitical pecking order. Those who cannot hope to win wars alone pursue policies and deals that ensure the intervention of more capable states in their defense, should one come about. Domestic policies and cultural developments, as well, are understood as wars: at this very momentRead MoreThe War Of The Worlds1200 Words   |  5 PagesThe Martians in the book The War Of The Worlds that was written by H. G. Wells were on the quest to Earth for resources to help them survive. At first landing and reading their spherical vehicles that were armed with both a heat ray gun and smoke gun, began to lay waste to mankind. Throughout the book, it is from the point of view of the narrator and what he experiences and sees on the Martians destruction o f the world he knows. While Earth gives as much defense as they can, it cannot stand up againstRead MoreThe War of the Worlds920 Words   |  4 PagesThe War of the Worlds When earth is invaded, what will happen? Great science fiction novels explore many scenarios like this. The likelihood of an Alien invasion is still a highly talked about topic in science fiction today. But none approach the subject of alien invasions like The War of the Worlds. When looking for a science fiction novel a reader has a wide array of books to choose from. One would want to choose a classic science fiction novel that is engaging and believable. H.G. Wells’ novelRead MoreThe World War908 Words   |  4 PagesJoint intentionalist and structuralists are perhaps even more applicable to the Second World War. The Germans as a whole were embarrassed by not only their loss of the First World War, but also the components of the Versailles Treaty, including, but not limited to the reparations and the territory loss. Before Hitler’s rise to Chancellor in 1933, he published Mein Kampf as a clear plan for the German Reich (Copeland 121). Going along with the intentio nalist theory, Mein Kampf once again calledRead MoreWorld War I and World War II700 Words   |  3 PagesMany people know about World War I and World War II seeing that they are a couple of the world’s most famous wars. Have you ever wondered how much you really know? This paper is here to inform you of all of the propaganda used to persuade people to follow Hitler, the Nazi party, and Stalin, terms that were used during this time period, and some of the very important people involved in World War I and in World War II. In the heat of World War I there were two groups, the Allies and the Central PowersRead MoreThe War Of The World War II1408 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent levels of the educational system most everyone has talked about the Second World War in great detail. The European and Pacific Theaters were the main focus of many historians and their writing, because war pertained to the audience of the time. WWII revolved around the idea of freedom and liberating the fascist governments of Europe, the homefront back in the states was the war machine that kept the war churning. Millions of pages have been written about the experiences and battles duringRead MoreThe War Of The World War II1496 Words   |  6 PagesWorld War II was one of the most powerful wars the world has ever had. It was also one of the largest conflicts there has ever been. It was known as a â€Å"world war† because nearly every country in the world was involved. There were many tragic and chilling events throughout t he war that were very significant. The war was known as one of the most disastrous wars of all time because of what the nations put each other through. Many innocent lives were taken during this mournful war. About 50 million troopsRead MoreThe War Of The World War II846 Words   |  4 Pageseffected the world is World War II. It is an event that will never be forgotten because of how many different countries were involved and how it affected the Jews as well. During the war, the United States started to put up posters to get people to join the army and there were other countries that convinced the people to invest money into the war. Without the propaganda and the use of artwork on posters and flyers that they used to influence people in the U.S. they may have never won the war. One of the

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Wal-Mart Stores

Question: You are required to produce a critical report discussing the issue questions specified below.Issue options: Does diversity management enhance the innovative capacity of a global business? How can cross-cultural management issues affect performance in international teams? Answer: Introduction Multi chain business organizations have gone a long way in establishing their brand world - wide and they have chosen various ways of establishing their brand in the US and many other international locations in the world. They have had a humble beginning in the initial stages as a small retailer and Rogers Walmart has paved way for a business in a retailer setup to expand internationally. Innovation has been their mantra for a long standing business to allow their customers to shop any time and at different huge super market chains in the world. They have brought a retail shopping chain into the mobile phones and electronic gadgets where shopping has become a stress free arena for a lot of working lot in the world (Boddy, D, 2011) Walmart has started their retail revolution in 1962, went through different ways and became national in1970, became Americas top retailer in the 1990 and became internationally well established in 2000. They are a chain of warehouses and departmental stores and with the majority of private employers. The company hosts a variety of products like baby products, furniture, electronics, movies, music, books, house hold goods, clothes line related to men and women, children sports items, medical, toys, jewellery, grocery and all the items related to furnishings. Being a large super market chain they have also established themselves as a big online shopping store. They sell all types of products which are labelled products with exceptionally great value and they sell them with a labelled warranty. They are among those companies which have started a great innovation in terms of maintaining good quality for the food products in order to maintain their nutritional value. Main catchy aspect of the business of Walmart Walmart is basically known for their exceptionally great prices and they are not producers of any product which means that they dont own any brand however they maintain a good network of sellers and producers of various products in almost all the categories which are used in daily lives. They are well known for maintaining their brand which can offer the lowest prices for the Customers which cannot be offered anywhere else. Their prices are 15% lower than the prices of the products offered by other companies. The true mark of their business is their price or quality. The producers who are in business with Walmart are bound by a specific rule which says that they should either reduce their price or increase their quality. Promotional strategies of Walmart Their online business fetches them much of a revenue where the shipment of the products to the customers desired locations is a major advantage in the nature of such businesses. The website of Walmart functions in an effective way. The discount prices of the products are a major catch for the customers where the store offers major discounts for the products throughout the year and they also fix some low prices for most of the products for a fixed period of time (Stefan Groeschl, 2003). Competitors of Walmart Stores There are a large number of competitors in the grocery business of Walmart like Dollar tree stores, Family tree stores, Dollarama Inc, Lawson Inc, Don Quijote Holdings, Burlington Stores and many other stores. Issues in Walmart Walmart being the largest grocery chain in the world still faces issues like lowering price factors, cost cutting factors which keep the traffic at bay and fails to attract a certain population in the US. Walmart also faces lost in traffic due to its empty shelves inspite of them lowering their prices to a great extent. Most of the long standing customers of Walmart have been complaining constantly that they have been finding decreased amounts of stocks in the Walmart stores like for example they dont find more than 5 or 6 types of cosmetics, creams, lotions, medicines even the ones which they require frequently like for cold. Walmart stores have been reducing since the recession times and they have not been able to recoup much ever since. Walmart has also not been increasing their stores in comparison to the numbers they used to increase in the past. Also the stocking challenges especially in a business like Walmart reduces the sales growth as peoples expectations reduce Does diversity management enhance the innovative capacity of a global business? It has been proven that diversity management is the most critical factor towards growth. Diversity should be viewed at carefully and lip service is not major factor to promote the growth of the business as the population has started viewing at a specific brand with major expectations and they view a brand with more authenticity and if the brand does not maintain it they end up tarnishing their brand almost for extended periods of time (Bovee, C, and Thill, JV, 2012). Diversity is not about representation of a brand in various locations where diversity should be embedded in a brand. Diversity should be able to promote and respond to the needs of the customers in an effective way. If we consider the example of a consumer brand industry they are significant with their presence in various locations and they are getting more effective in their presence with their marketing initiatives. Diversity is simply viewed as a multi - cultural aspect where the business is done in multiple locations. Diversity is all about embracing different types of people along with various cultures they come from and it is about supporting different types of people who are believed to be known for various ideas and thinking. Diversity is to have spread into various business organizations however the different ways in which the management implements their business matters the most (Renee, D, 2013). It is the result of diversity that most of the business organizations are able to maintain their innovative nature and they are able to expand their business in different ways. How can cross-cultural management issues affect performance in international teams? Culture plays an important role in an organization especially in multinational and international organizations which has expat employees. It is important to understand the impact of culture on the performance of the teams in such environment. The most well known cultural dimensions like authority, cultural differences, bureaucracy, creativity and accountability act in different ways on different aspects and on people especially in the work place environments in the world. These attributes play a major role in influencing the internal and external environments and also in managing the human resources of the organization. For a multi - national organization the culture of the parent company is more critical in deciding the nature of the work standards of the organization. Their corporate policies influence the work cultures of the same company which is present in the other countries. The factors like industrial resources, market attributes, various branches present in the country and t heir corporate codes of conduct also play a major role in deciding the ethical culture of the organization. The social and the cultural environment also plays a major role in impacting the culture of the organization (T.J. Watson, 1997). These days with the growing no. of companies making their presence in the international markets and with them increasing their business transactions in the international locations cultural attributes are getting exchanged between the countries. One more growing advantage which can be taken into account in these types of scenarios is the global base of the customers which most of these companies share as the more and more globalized the customer base becomes the countries in which the companies expand their businesses get an opportunity to share the cultural differences with their employees of that country. This helps in promoting more and more understanding and it also promotes a nature of accepting the cultural differences between various countries and as large no. of business organizations have a varied employee base they keep interacting with each other and they tend to accept the fact that cross cultural differences promote a greater sense of understanding between people and by e xchange of ideas they tend to cooperate with the other employees to enhance their performance (Adriana Victoria Garibaldi de Hilal, Ursula Wetzel, 2009). The globalization integrates the worlds economies and provides an opportunity to promote their business in terms of technology which can narrow the gaps of understanding between various cultures. References Official Website of Walmart.https://www.walmart.com/. Online retrieved on March 2, 2011. "The Wal-Mart Timeline." Wal-Mart (published on walmartfacts.com). Retrieved on March 3, 2011. Stolberg. S.G. (2011). "Wal-Mart Shifts Strategy to Promote Healthy Foods". The New York Times. Online retrieved from:https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/20/business/20walmart.html Staff Writer. "Sams Choice Climbs Beverage Brand List Wal-Marts Sams American Choice Beverage Brand." Discount Store News. "Wal-Mart 2010 Annual Report" Wal-Mart. 2010. Triandis H.C. (1982). Review of cultures consequences. Human Organization, 41:86-90 [17] T.J Watson (1997), Human resource management, industrial relations and theory - standing back and starting again. New Zealand Journal of Industrial Relations, 22(1), 7-21. Boddy, D, (2011), Management: An Introduction, 5th Edition, FT Prentice Hall Bateman, TS, and Snell, SA, (2012), Management: Leading and Collaborating in a Competitive World, 10th Edition, McGraw-Hill International Edition Bovee, C, and Thill, JV, (2012), Business in Action, 6th Edition, FT Prentice Hal Alfred A. Jaegar Rabindra Nath Kanungo (1990), Management in developing Countries, Stefan Groeschl (2003), Cultural Implications for the Appraisal Process, Cross Cultural Management, An International Journal, Vol. 10 Iss: 1, pp.67 79 Adriana Victoria Garibaldi de Hilal, Ursula Wetzel and Vicente Ferreira Organizational culture and performance: a Brazilian case, Management Research News, Vol. 32 No. 2, 2009, pp. 99-119